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There are three different types of energy transfer; there is conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction is when the particles push against the nearby particles and this creates energy movement.  Convection is when particles moving transfer the heat with them.  Radiation does not need particles.  Conduction moves faster through high density substances (solids) because there are more particles, so the particles can hit another particle easily, and the energy moves through faster than through a substance with low density. Convection is when the air particles carry the energy. In convection, the energetic particles actually move around to warm the substance up. Radiation does not need particles to move around its energy. That means that radiation can even move in a vacuum, but conduction and convection can't. |